The Supreme Court supports a reduction in the sentence of persons sentenced for sexual violence
- Since the entry into force in October of the ‘only yes’ law, the different courts of the Spanish State have performed different and contradictory interpretations of the new law, and many interpretations have reduced the sentence to some punished by sexual violence before its application. The Supreme Court’s first interpretation of the new law creates jurisprudence: the penalties prescribed prior to the adoption of the Law may be mitigated by the new Law, although “case by case” must be analysed.
On October 7, the Sexual Freedom Act entered into force, also known as 'only yes'. The fact that all unaccepted sexual activity becomes classified as sexual assault has been one of the fundamental changes it has brought with it, since the new law disappears the crime of sexual abuse, becoming sexual assault.
In theory, the new law should promote the sexual freedom of women, but the application that has been made since now has benefited many men who have committed sexual assaults. In fact, the interpretation of the law by several courts has reduced the penalties to several men convicted of sexual assault before their adoption.
The fact is that the harmonisation of the crimes of sexual abuse and sexual assault, carried out by the new law, has meant a reduction in the minimum penalty for sexual assault – for example, in cases of penetration, the prison term from 6 to 4 years. ElDiario.es states that “the floor and roof of convictions for sexual offences are generally lower than the previous Penal Code”. And thus, in application of the principle of the Spanish Constitution applying the most beneficial penalty to the culprit, several provincial courts have reduced convictions to several persons who have committed sexual assault.
The second article of the Spanish Penal Code states that a legal modification as ‘only yes’ can be interpreted retroactively if it benefits the condemned person and never harms him. This makes it possible to review the sentence with a law that has entered into force after conviction. And that's what many provinces have started to do courts, though they've done contradictory interpretations. For example, on Tuesday the Navarra Hearing said it will not review judgments on sexual violence.
Faced with these contradictory interpretations and judgments of the law, the interpretation of the new law of the Supreme Court in the Arandina case, which has generated jurisprudence, is decisive. Applying the law ‘because it is not yes’, he has reduced his sentence to two former Arandina de Duero (Spain) soccer players convicted of violating a minor. The prosecution demanded a sentence of 10 years in prison and the hearing reduced them to 9 years.
It is the first interpretation of the law of the Supreme Court, ‘Because it is not Yes’, and it creates a jurisprudence of retroactive application of the law, that is, the penalties prescribed before the approval of the law may be reviewed on the basis of the new law. However, it clarifies that, according to the magistrates, the application of the new law should be analyzed “in each case” by the magistrates, “studying each case and not in a generalized way, both in pending litigation, appeal and cassation appeals and in execution procedures”.
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