Automatically translated from Basque, translation may contain errors. More information here. Elhuyarren itzultzaile automatikoaren logoa

Kolapsoa baletor?

Polisistemen teoria
Bertsolaritzan aurrera begira etor litekeen korapilo handienetakoa askatzen lagun dezakeen teoria bat bada, polisistemena (Even Zohar, 1978). Zakar esanda, Polisistemen Teoriak kultur fenomenoak sistema gisa ulertzen ditu, zeinetan hainbat faktorek (produzitzailea, kontsumitzailea eta hauen artean dauden erakundea, merkatua, errepertorioa eta produktua) elkar eragiten duten –adibidez, bertso bat baloratzeko, sistema osoari begiratzen dio, ez metrikari bakarrik–. Teoriaren beste oinarri bat da edozein kultur sisteman beti daudela geruza desberdinak, gizartean bezala. Erdiguneko edo muineko geruza da kanonizatua, zilegitasuna duena, erakundeek mantentzen dutena... eta periferiako geruzak, berriz, muinekoarekin etengabeko konpetentzian daude.

Horra korapilatu den haria: bertsolaritzako diskurtso politikoki zuzenak geruzen arteko tentsio honi ez dio heldu nahi izan, bertsolaritzaren kaltean izango zelakoan. Ondorioz, saio, bertsokera, bertsolari, alegia, sistema denak geruza berekotzat ikusi dira: denak muineko geruza bailiran, muineko geruza bertsolaritza sistema osoa bailitzan. Horrek hainbat ondorio ekarri ditu: periferiako fenomeno hauen (GR, Hamaika bertute, Gaztetxeko txapelketak...) logika ulertzeko zailtasuna, erakunde nagusiak (Bertsozale Elkarteak) ia esklusiboki guneari begirako estrategia garatzea, hainbat ekimenen zilegitasunik eza (periferiako ekimenak “batzuen mesedetan” bailiran, eta muineko ekimenak “bertsolaritzaren onerako”).

Denborarekin eta baliabideak gero eta eskuragarriago izanik, periferiako mugimendua gero eta antolatuago dago. Horra erronka: geruza guztietako bertsolari eta zaleek etorkizunean kohesionatuta jarraituko badute, beharrezkoa da polisistemen ikuspegi hau barneratzea, geruza guztiak errekonozituta sentitu daitezen, eta etorkizunean lana geruza denetara begira egin dadin. Osterantzean, periferiako mugimenduak egun indarrean den merkatu eta erakundeetatik kanpo egituratzen badira, zer gertatuko litzateke noizbait geruza hauetakoren bat erdiguneko izatera iritsiko balitz?

Irakurri Garialea blogean Polisistemen Teoria bertsolaritzan.

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