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tuesday 20 may 2025
Automatically translated from Basque, translation may contain errors. More information here. 
Urkiolako kaikua
Egungo txiklea Ertamerikako zapota zuhaitzetatik badator ere, ez da haiena izan den txikle bakarra. Finlandiako Kierikkin industen ari diren Harri Aroko gune batean bost bat mila urtekoa jotzen duten bat aurkitu omen dute. Urki (Betula sp.) azaletik sortutako mundrunezkoa omen. Azkenekoz murtxikatu zuenaren haginatzak eta letaginatzak hor omen ditu, egin berriak bailiran... Itxuraz, ahoko gaiztotuak sendatzeko erabiltzen omen zuten.
Urkia, geurean Betula alba eta Betula pendula, hotz-zalea da. Beste inolako zuhaitzek bizi ezin duten milaka metroko mendi garaietan egundoko hotza eta urki lirain asko ikusiko duzu, bere zarba zintzilikarioak haizearekin dantza lotuan korapilatuta. Hotz-zalea baina hezetasuna eta argia ditu kuttunen. Basoetako argi uneetan edo haren mugan topatuko duzu beraren azal zurizta; toki lehorretan, ostera, alferrik bilatuko duzu...
Iparrerago eta urkia etxekoago. Aditu, zeltentzako sakratua zen. Besteak beste kosmetikoak, tindagaiak, teak, txiklegaia den izerdia ardotarako muztio, larrua ontzeko olioa eta azal malguaz kutxatxo eta saski, zuraz eskalaproi... egiteko gai zuten. Sakratua edo zer edo zer izan behar, berriz ere! Euskal Herriaren paisaiaren kulturan urkiak asko dio: mugak urrutitik ezagutzeko, su-egurretarako, ikazkintzarako, kirtenetarako, sendagai, zurgintzan –kaiku mitikoa, oporra, abatza, perreta, zumitza...–, oinetakogintzan, papera egiteko... Ondo geurea izan dugu, baina gero eta urrunago dugu. Geure zuhaitz monumentalen katalogoetan ez da urki bat bera ere agertzen... Etxekoegia izateak dakarrena, hainbeste langintzatarako epaitu eta eraitsi eta epaitu eta eraitsi, eta dezenteko gerri buelta duen alerik ere ez. Sakratua beharko genukeena ezagutu ere ez dugu egiten! Atarramentu ederra geurea! Udazkeneko ilbeteetan motozerraren hortzak erakusteaz gain, tarteka ugaltzen lagundu beharko genioke, haren sustraiak onddoak emateko apartak direlako besterik ez bada ere...
Urkia, geurean Betula alba eta Betula pendula, hotz-zalea da. Beste inolako zuhaitzek bizi ezin duten milaka metroko mendi garaietan egundoko hotza eta urki lirain asko ikusiko duzu, bere zarba zintzilikarioak haizearekin dantza lotuan korapilatuta. Hotz-zalea baina hezetasuna eta argia ditu kuttunen. Basoetako argi uneetan edo haren mugan topatuko duzu beraren azal zurizta; toki lehorretan, ostera, alferrik bilatuko duzu...
Iparrerago eta urkia etxekoago. Aditu, zeltentzako sakratua zen. Besteak beste kosmetikoak, tindagaiak, teak, txiklegaia den izerdia ardotarako muztio, larrua ontzeko olioa eta azal malguaz kutxatxo eta saski, zuraz eskalaproi... egiteko gai zuten. Sakratua edo zer edo zer izan behar, berriz ere! Euskal Herriaren paisaiaren kulturan urkiak asko dio: mugak urrutitik ezagutzeko, su-egurretarako, ikazkintzarako, kirtenetarako, sendagai, zurgintzan –kaiku mitikoa, oporra, abatza, perreta, zumitza...–, oinetakogintzan, papera egiteko... Ondo geurea izan dugu, baina gero eta urrunago dugu. Geure zuhaitz monumentalen katalogoetan ez da urki bat bera ere agertzen... Etxekoegia izateak dakarrena, hainbeste langintzatarako epaitu eta eraitsi eta epaitu eta eraitsi, eta dezenteko gerri buelta duen alerik ere ez. Sakratua beharko genukeena ezagutu ere ez dugu egiten! Atarramentu ederra geurea! Udazkeneko ilbeteetan motozerraren hortzak erakusteaz gain, tarteka ugaltzen lagundu beharko genioke, haren sustraiak onddoak emateko apartak direlako besterik ez bada ere...
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