The Spanish military Cristóbal de Villalba committed a massacre against the disobedient Navarros in the conquest of the Kingdom of Navarra. It was customary to force its inhabitants to join their army in the lands conquered by the Castilian people. As many Navarros refused to do so, he ordered his soldiers to steal, beat and burn their homes. Their goal was to terrorize the population. Thus, Castilian soldiers began the massacre and raped the women they were able to, according to the chronicles of the time.